The median home value in Los Altos, CA is $4,445,000.
This is
higher than
the county median home value of $1,312,000.
The national median home value is $308,980.
The average price of homes sold in Los Altos, CA is $4,445,000.
Approximately 79% of Los Altos homes are owned,
compared to 17% rented, while
4% are vacant.
Los Altos real estate listings include condos, townhomes, and single family homes for sale.
Commercial properties are also available.
If you like to see a property, contact Los Altos real estate agent to arrange a tour today!
Learn more about Los Altos.
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 1:00-4:00PM
There's a moment when you're floating in your pool on a Tuesday afternoon, watching someone prepare dinner in the kitchen through the window, when you'll think How did I get this so right? This Los Altos sanctuary doesn't apologize for taking up space. While others squeeze entertaining into cramped quarters, you're discovering that separate living areas downstairs mean guests get real privacy without losing connection. The previous owners clearly understood that good hosting requires thoughtful design. Your Viking-equipped kitchen will handle whatever culinary ambitions inspire you. Five bedrooms spread across two levels can house the whole family or transform into offices, workout rooms, or whatever your life requires. The expansive lot will accommodate visiting relatives RVs, extra cars, and kids who need room to be kids. Multiple fireplaces will witness countless family traditions forming. Your biggest challenge will be explaining to friends why every holiday cant happen at your house. When neighbors ask how you manage to make hosting look effortless, you'll just smile and point to the downstairs guest quarters. Some houses force compromise. This one eliminates the need for it entirely.
Open House:
Friday, 7/11 9:30-1:00PM
Set on a peaceful cul-de-sac in the desirable Grant Park neighborhood, this comfortable and inviting home offers a tranquil natural retreat and beautifully remodeled interiors with custom high-end finishes. An open great room featuring a chefs kitchen is the heart of the home, with vaulted ceilings, natural hardwood floors, and abundant natural light opening to a private backyard oasis. Enjoy the flexibility of a separate family room ideal for casual gatherings and everyday family living. Relax into spacious bedrooms with plush carpet, natural light, and custom-designed closets. The expansive primary suite has an attached bonus room, office, or home gym, a fully customized walk-in closet, and an en suite bathroom with a steam shower. The natural backyard sanctuary has majestic Heritage Oaks lining the perimeter of the property providing optimal shade and privacy. The two-car finished garage is a dream home workshop, complete with a workbench, stainless steel cabinetry, tool organization system, and extensive storage. Just steps to Grant Park, this family-friendly neighborhood has easy access to amenities, commute routes, tech employers, miles of hiking trails at Rancho San Antonio Open Space Preserve, top-rated Cupertino schools, and highly regarded private schools.
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 1:00-4:00PM
Nestled in the desirable hills near Los Altos Country Club,this elegant French Country Ch teau offers 5,172 sq ft of thoughtfully designed living space on a generous 1.28-acre lot. Spanning three levels,the home features 4 bedrooms,3 full baths,2 half baths,and two primary suites - including a main suite with an expansive bathroom,dual vanities,and spacious walk-in closet.A custom office w/built-in bookshelves can be a 5th bedroom,while a huge separate bonus room offers endless possibilities as a media room,gym,or creative studio.The stately living room impresses w/high ceilings,a fireplace,wet bar, and sweeping views toward the San Mateo Bridge.Other highlights include separate formal dining room w/coffered ceilings,spacious family room,eat-in kitchen that opens to a private patio,an indoor laundry room w/built-in cabinetry and sink,4-car finished tandem garage w/extra-tall doors,workshop area,mezzanine storage,and space for oversized recreational vehicles.Driveway allows space for up to 5 more vehicles.The estates placement on one side of the lot presents a rare SB9 lot split opportunity,leaving a substantial portion available for a lot split,guesthouse,or ADU.This rare offering blends timeless architecture and future expansion potential within minutes of downtown Los Altos.
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 1:30-4:30PM
Discover refined main-level living in this exclusive 2-bedroom, 2-bath residence featuring a desirable split floor plan w/bedrooms flanking the central living, dining, & kitchen area designed for both privacy & effortless entertaining. Situated in a boutique 27-residence building across four levels, Unit 107 exemplifies refined design & modern comfort. Enjoy an open-concept layout w/ soaring ceilings, European oak engineered woodflooring, Nest thermostats, & a stunning Bianco Carrara waterfall island. The chefs kitchen is equipped w/ premium Thermador appliances & custom cabinetry. A spacious SW-facing patio invites seamless indoor-outdoor living & natural light throughout the day. Additional highlights include 2 dedicated parking spaces in the secured 2-level underground garage w/ Klaus car stackers, EV-ready infrastructure, & private storage. Residents enjoy access to a rooftop terrace w/ lounge seating, fire pit, & BBQ perfect for relaxing or entertaining under the California sky. Live the ultimate lock-and-leave lifestyle in one of Silicon Valleys most coveted downtowns. Just blocks from top-rated LASD, vibrant dining, Draeger's Market, parks, & boutique shopping. Moments from leading tech campuses! Unit 107 offers an unmatched blend of luxury, convenience & timeless design!!
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 1:30-4:30PM
Luxury Living in downtown Los Altos! Unit 302, an exclusive 2-bedroom, 2.5-bath en-suite residence in a boutique 27-unit building with four levels of thoughtfully curated design. The open-concept floor plan features soaring ceilings, Thermador appliances, custom cabinetry, wine refrigerator, a Bianco Carrara waterfall island, European oak engineered wood flooring, Nest thermostats, and a spacious balcony for seamless indoor-outdoor living. Additionally unit 302 includes two dedicated parking spaces in the secured, two-level underground garage with Klaus car stackers, EV-ready infrastructure, and private storage lockers. Residents also enjoy access to a rooftop terrace complete with BBQ, lounge, and fire pit under the California sky! Live the ultimate lock-and-leave lifestyle in Silicon Valleys most coveted downtown just blocks to vibrant dining, Draeger's Market, parks, shopping, and top-rated Los Altos schools. Moments from major tech campuses, Unit 302 offers a rare blend of luxury, convenience, and timeless design!
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 1:30-4:30PM
Experience elevated living in this rare offering at 450 First Street--an exclusive 4-level boutique building with just 27 sophisticated residences. Unit 201 is a beautifully appointed 2-bedroom, 2.5-bath home featuring en-suite bedrooms, a powder room, Thermador appliances, wine refrigerator, custom cabinetry, Bianco Carrara waterfall island, high-end plumbing fixtures, and European oak engineered wood flooring. Enjoy the convenience of two secure parking spaces in a two-level underground garage with Klaus car stackers and EV-ready infrastructure. Residents also have access to a stunning rooftop terrace with lounge seating, firepit, and BBQ---perfect for entertaining. Located in the heart of vibrant downtown Los Altos, just blocks from restaurants, charming parks, boutique shopping, and minutes to major tech campuses. Award-winning Los Altos School District! A true pied a terre in Silicon Valley! Don't miss this exceptional opportunity!
Experience modern luxury in this brand-new, high-quality home featuring a thoughtfully designed open floor plan, perfect for everyday living and entertaining. The main residence offers 2,390 sq ft of elegant living space with engineered wood flooring, abundant natural light, and premium finishes throughout. The gourmet kitchen boasts top-of-the-line appliances, sleek cabinetry, and a large island that flows into the spacious dining and living areas. This versatile layout includes a convenient first-floor bedroom with ensuite bath, ideal for guests or extended family, plus a powder room. Upstairs features three bedrooms, including a luxurious primary suite with a spa-like bathroom and walk-in closet. The attached 599 sq ft 1-bedroom, 1-bath ADU has a private entrance, kitchen area, and laundryperfect for multi-generational living or guest use. Situated on a 6,831 sq ft lot with low-maintenance landscaping and space to personalize, this property is in a top-rated school district, including Los Altos High. With high-end craftsmanship, flexible living options, and a prime location, this home offers exceptional value and opportunity.
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 1:00-4:30PM
Move in and enjoy this gorgeous home on a quiet North Los Altos Street. Soaring ceilings in the grand entry, living room & dining rooms. Spacious open kitchen. Gleaming new floors. Spacious bedrooms. Exceptional light throughout. Wonderful primary suite with walk-in closet and ensuite bathroom with large skylight. Private backyard. Owned solar. Attached 2 car garage. Cherish an amazing North Los Altos lifestyle. Peaceful and picturesque setting within a walkable & convenient neighborhood. Fantastic proximity to Caltrain, El Camino Real, Downtown Los Altos and Downtown Mountain View. Award-winning Los Altos schools: Los Altos High, Ardis G. Egan Junior High, and Almond Elementary.
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 2:00-4:00PM
Tucked away on a side street, this updated, north-facing Las Casitas townhome offers all the benefits of a single-family home - it shares only one garage wall - with the convenience of a homeowner's association. The private backyard, exceptionally large for townhome living, features mature shade trees, flowers, and citrus trees all watered by a new irrigation system with an automatic timer. The immense lawn is eco-friendly synthetic and offers a low-maintenance space for relaxing, entertaining, or children's play. There are 2 bedrooms and 1.5 baths, with a bonus shower added to the half-bath. The incredibly convenient location is minutes to Egan Junior High, Los Altos High, and bus stops, plus it's just blocks to Whole Foods, Trader Joe's, and San Antonio Center. Caltrain and the Central Expressway are less than a mile away.
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 1:00-4:00PM
Awesome Detached End Unit Townhome that Shows and Feels like a Single Family Home! Great Location in South Los Altos! Dramatic High Ceiling in Living Room! Tastefully Updated with designer touches! Custom Fireplace, Real Hardwood Floors in Living Area and Study/Bedroom Abundance of Natural Light! Kitchen features Granite Counters, Custom Backsplash, Stainless Steel Appliances, Fridge and new Dishwasher! Large Master Bedroom with Closets and Sliding Door leading to Cozy Patio! Open Floorplan with seamless access to two Spacious Patios and a Large Deck! Inside Laundry with Washer, Dryer! Charming, Private wraparound pocket Gardens with Japanese Maple trees! Two Car Detached Garage with bonus Storage plus Guest Parking! Sought after top ranked Schools - Montclair Elementary, Cupertino Middle and Homestead High! Close to Rancho Shoppoing Center, Loyola Corners and Downtown Los Altos! Easy Access to Major Tech Companies, Commute Routes 85, 280, Foothill Expressway and Homestead Rd. Open Sat and Sunday July 12 th and 13 th 1-4 PM
Open House:
Friday, 7/11 4:00-7:00PM
Step into a bright and welcoming home with a well-balanced floor plan and an airy, sun-filled atmosphere. Large, well-placed windows flood all main living areas with natural light, while the vaulted-ceiling family room offers views of the lush backyard. The kitchen features granite countertops, a gas cooktop, stainless steel appliances, and a skylight that brings in even more natural light . Bedrooms are generously sized, including a spacious primary suite with a walk-in closet, plus a versatile loft ideal for a home office or workout space. Whether you're hosting or enjoying a quiet evening, the layout offers both flexibility and comfort. The backyard is designed for year-round enjoyment with a sparkling lap pool, relaxing spa, and tranquil surroundings framed by mature trees and beautifully landscaped. If you're a nature lover, you'll appreciate the neighborhood access to Rancho San Antonio Preserve with miles of scenic trails, wildlife, and open space just moments from your door. Easy access to Hwy 280 & 85, highly ranked schools, shopping and downtown Los Altos .
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 1:30-4:30PM
Tucked away on a peaceful cul-de-sac in North Los Altos, this inviting home rests on over a quarter acre of land and enjoys an unbeatable location just minutes from the shops and restaurants of downtown. Warm hardwood floors and abundant natural light create a welcoming ambiance throughout, complementing a traditional floorplan that features a spacious living room with a fireplace, a dining room, an eat-in kitchen, and four well-sized bedrooms, including a generous primary suite. The private backyard offers a peaceful setting with ample space to relax or entertain. Enjoy easy access to nearby parks, major commute routes, and top-ranked schools including Gardner Bullis Elementary, Egan Junior High, and Los Altos High (buyer to verify eligibility).
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 1:30-4:30PM
Set on a private cul-de-sac, this elegant, modern home rests on over a quarter acre and blends timeless sophistication with fresh design. Great curb appeal begins with a paver driveway, stacked stone accents, and landscaped grounds, while 3,000+ square feet of refined space showcases richly hued engineered wood floors, skylights, and elegant wall coverings. Bright living areas include a formal living room with fireplace, a media room with ceiling-mounted projector and screen, a chefs kitchen with statement Bertazzoni range, and a walk-out family room. Four bedrooms include a guest suite and a luxurious primary suite with its own fireplace. A dedicated office, AC, and 2-car garage add functionality. The inviting backyard offers a patio, hot tub, and newly planted lawn. All in a prime location near parks, Rancho Shopping Center, and Highway 85, with top-rated schools Oak Avenue Elementary, Blach Junior High, and Mountain View High less than a mile away.
Open House:
Friday, 7/11 9:30-1:30PM
Whether as a primary residence or a pied- -terre, this rare penthouse offers luxury living in downtown Los Altos. Set in a sleek building built in 2013, the top-level condo blends modern design with refined comfort. Espresso-hued walnut floors, high ceilings, and elegant millwork define the interiors, while vast expanses of sliding glass open the living space to a tremendous terrace, perfect for entertaining or quiet evenings at home. The open concept floor plan includes a chefs kitchen with Thermador and Miele appliances, a media room, office, and spacious living and dining areas anchored by a fireplace. Both bedroom suites open to the terrace, including a luxe primary with fireplace and spa-like bath. Additional highlights include a laundry room, secure building access with elevator, air conditioning, dedicated underground parking, and a private storage unit. All just moments from parks, shops, restaurants, and top commute routes, this is downtown Los Altos living at its finest.
Open House:
Sunday, 7/6 1:00-3:00PM
Sprawling Single Story Spanish Ranch Retreat in the Heart of Los Altos - Step into timeless California charm with this expansive single-story Spanish ranch style home, set on a generous hill top lot with jaw dropping views, the property features a large, private stucco-fenced patio area with plenty of space to add a pool or create your dream outdoor oasis. Inside, the home boasts great bones and vintage character, ready for your vision. Whether you're looking to move in, remodel, or expand, this is a rare opportunity to own a spacious, sun-drenched Los Altos classic in an unbeatable location. Ideally situated just 0.6 miles from the Rancho Shopping Center home to Andronico's, Starbucks, Redwood Grill, Main Street Bagels, Green Bakery, Pho Banh Mi, salon services, tutoring, and more. Ask about the secret safe walking path that avoids Magdalena. I walked there in only 11 minutes, rode the bike there in 3 minutes. With stunning hillside views from nearly every room, this home blends the tranquility of country living with unbeatable convenience. You're also just a 0.6-mile walk to the Los Altos Golf and Country Club, and minutes from Highway 280 for effortless commuting.
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 1:30-4:30PM
Located at the end of a private lane, this sprawling home is flooded with natural light and features very spacious public rooms, rich wood accents, soaring ceilings, and expansive windows. The dramatic living room sits beneath two-story ceilings highlighted by natural wood paneling and beams, and has a statement fireplace, bar, and aquarium. The kitchen offers abundant storage, granite countertops, and a sunny casual dining area. The family room is the perfect place to gather with a built-in wet bar and outdoor access. A bedroom suite, or ideal au pair quarters, sits on one side of the home, and two additional main-level bedrooms have easy access to a full bath. The primary suite is privately situated on the upper level with a lovely terrace, generous walk-in closet, en suite bath with a deep jacuzzi tub, and an adjacent office with substantial built-ins. Outside, the professionally landscaped lot features a resort-style pool and spa, a covered dining patio, vast decking, gorgeous mature trees, and a large storage shed. All of this, with Rancho Shopping Center, commute routes, and downtown amenities just moments away!
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 1:30-4:30PM
First time on market. Welcome to this timeless and spacious Los Altos two-story residence. A classic, move-in ready home just minutes from Downtown Los Altos, the LA Golf & Country Club, and Rancho San Antonio Park. Set on a beautifully landscaped ~10,767 sq ft lot, this ~2,839 sq ft home features 5 bedrooms and 2.5 bathrooms, ideal for growing or multi-generational families. Filled with natural light and graceful character, it has been lovingly maintained. The layout includes a formal living room, stylish dining room, and inviting family room, all overlooking the lush, private backyard. The bright kitchen with breakfast nook and adjacent laundry room provide ample storage and practical space for daily living. Three BR and a full bath are located upstairs, with 1.5 baths and two additional BR on the main level, perfect for guests or home office use. A bonus room off the garage offers a great space for a gym or creative studio. Enjoy the tranquil backyard retreat, framed by mature landscaping, ideal for entertaining or unwinding in nature. Top-rated Montclaire Elementary, Cupertino MS, and Homestead HS. Close to parks, trails, and shopping, this home offers the ideal blend of suburban peace and modern convenience. Don't miss your chance to own this rare Los Altos treasure!
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 2:00-4:00PM
Located on the west side, this homes elevated position at the end of a cul-de-sac offers beautiful western hill views. On the market for the first time in 40 years, this classic ranch home has 3 bedrooms and 2 baths on one level and is ready to move in and enjoy or an opportunity to transform or even build new on this expansive lot. Spanning two-thirds acre, the extra-large property features terraced and level grounds with newly refreshed landscaping. Recent updates inside include new paint inside and out, new carpet in the living room, and updated lighting, plus there are hardwood floors in most rooms. Coveted access to excellent Los Altos schools and a location minutes to the Village and to Highway 280 elevates this exceptional offering.
Discover an exquisite lifestyle at Parc Regent, an exclusive 55+ community just steps from vibrant Downtown Los Altos. This top-floor residence offers serene views of the lush courtyard and features meticulously updated interiors. Step into a spacious living area adorned with new stainless steel appliances, a modern sink, and a disposal unit, creating a chef's delight in your own home. The entire residence has been freshly painted and showcases all-new flooring, making it a true standout in the community. Enjoy peace of mind in this secure, gated residence, which offers an array of amenities including a sparkling pool, relaxing spa, and a fully-equipped fitness room. Engage with fellow residents through various community activities and relish the convenience of a community room where a weekday continental breakfast is served. Additional features include underground parking, personal storage spaces, and a thoughtfully designed layout. The unit boasts 1 bedroom plus a versatile transitional den, two full baths, and a luxurious primary suite complete with a sitting room and an attached closet. Experience unparalleled convenience and comfort in a thriving community setting. Parc Regent is the perfect place for your next chapter.
Nestled in the heart of downtown Los Altos, this beautiful cottage-style townhome at 106 Second Street offers an unparalleled blend of quaint charm and modern convenience. Featuring 2 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms, this delightful residence is a true gem, perfectly situated to enjoy all the vibrant energy that downtown Los Altos has to offer. Imagine stepping into a home where every detail exudes warmth and character. When you cross the threshold, youll be greeted by inviting living spaces bathed in natural light, creating an airy and welcoming atmosphere that instantly puts you at ease. The thoughtful layout provides both comfort and privacy, making it ideal for relaxed daily living and effortless entertaining. Whether you're hosting intimate gatherings or simply enjoying a quiet evening in, this townhome offers the perfect backdrop for your lifestyle.
Open House:
Saturday, 7/12 2:00-4:00PM
Extraordinary Home in a Walk-to-Town Location! Innovative and contemporary, this exceptional residence showcases walls of glass, soaring ceilings, and extensive upgrades throughout. Located in the highly sought-after Old Los Altos neighborhood just two blocks from downtown blending cutting-edge design with the ultimate urban lifestyle. Sophisticated interiors & dramatic floor-to-ceiling windows seamlessly connect the indoors to the outdoors. The unique compound-style layout distinguishes this single-family residence, with a series of thoughtfully designed structures & living spaces arranged around a central, gated courtyard on a lot just under one-quarter acre. Multiple outdoor areas provide ideal settings for entertaining, play, or quiet relaxation. A natural flow defines the main level, centered around a signature floating staircase beneath a skylit ceiling. A glass-lined breezeway connects the primary living space to ensuite number four (currently staged as a family room), and then continues to the private ADU/guest house with its own entrance, backyard, & access to gardens featuring a variety of fruit trees. Upstairs in the main residence, three ensuite bedrooms include a luxurious primary suite with two private terraces. Top-rated Los Altos schools including Gardner Bullis.
Open House:
Saturday, 6/28 2:00-4:00PM
Offering the convenience of townhome living, and with just one shared wall, this home is a rare find in a coveted community of just 18 homes. Adjacent to one of two community gates, and overlooking lush foliage and green belts, the location is superb. Freshly painted interiors and beautiful hardwood floors span the two levels, which includes six signature pyramid-style vaulted ceilings, three with large skylights at the apex. Adding to the natural light are sliding glass doors in almost every room opening to inviting private decks and patios on both levels. There are 3 bedrooms and 3 full baths, including a main-level bedroom with a Murphy bed and custom office built-ins - perfect for today's work-from-home needs. Completing the appeal is a finished bonus room, an attached 2-car garage, community pool, and a park-like setting of 8 acres that is just blocks to the Los Altos Village.
Welcome to this charming, turnkey pied-a-terre located on a park-like setting in a quaint Los Altos neighborhood. The open-concept kitchen is equipped with stylish amenities such as Jennaire and Bosch appliances, granite countertop, solid cherrywood cabinetry, side-by-side fridge, pullout pantry, double-oven with convection/microwave/conventional options and warming drawer. The dining bar provides a cafe-style space for mingling with guests, or one can create a more intimate dining experience in front of the fireplace. Typical Cali nights beckon you to your spacious fenced patio for alfresco entertaining.The primary bedroom suite features a walk-in closet, double-sink vanity with granite countertop, solid wood custom cabinetry. and designer fixtures throughout. Other amenities to enhance comfort include full-size W/D, double pane windows, landscaping drip system, designated storage closet and covered carport space, private parking area for extra vehicles. Eco friendly location for walking or biking to schools, shops, restaurants, parks, medical, Stanford University and all major tech companies. HOA fee covers gas, water, garbage, pool and common area amenities.
Open House:
Sunday, 7/13 2:00-4:00PM
Step into refined comfort in this beautifully remodeled 1-bedroom, 1-bath condo in a sought-after downtown Los Altos complex. Stylish features include gleaming marble floors, a solid-surface kitchen with abundant cabinetry, accent-lit display shelving, breakfast bar, and modern appliances. The kitchen opens to a spacious great room with plenty of room for dining and living areas, accented by a remote-controlled gas log fireplace and a 65" Sony flat-screen TV which conveys with the home. Sliding glass doors lead to a large slate-tiled deck, perfect for al fresco dining or peaceful mornings overlooking the serene community pool. The bedroom also offers direct deck access, and custom mirrored closets with an interior organizer for enhanced storage. Additional amenities include recessed lighting throughout, a full-size in-unit washer and dryer, generous storage, and an updated bath with double sinks. Includes 1 secure underground parking space and one outdoor parking space. HOA dues covers water, garbage, sewer and professional management. The well-maintained community offers security cameras, recently inspected decks, and a tranquil pool setting. Treat yourself to elegant, low-maintenance living close to the vibrant downtown shops, dining, and amenities of North Los Altos.
Gated Frank Lloyd Wright-inspired Phenomenal Luxury Grand Home situated on 0.41 acre lot. Custom-designed Security Gate opens to private paved driveway. Designer Staircase w/ decor railing leads to voluminous Living Room, Family Room, Kitchen, Dining Room & 3 Bedroom Suites. Gourmet Kitchen w/ Top-of-the-Line Thermador stainless steel appliances, commercial-grade 48-inch gas range w/ 54-inch hood & double ovens, double refrigerators/freezers, large Granite Island, Custom Omega Cabinetry. Hand-scraped hardwood flooring, High-end Picasso Lighting fixtures, monumental custom Crown Moulding & Columns, Designer Finishes thru-out. 2 gorgeous powder/guest bathrooms, 3 central A/C zones, 3 gas fireplaces, high-end plumbing fixtures & cabinetry. Exquisite Master Suite comes w/ luxury bathroom, see-thru fireplace, steam shower, floor tile warmer, large walk-in custom cherrywood closets, slab quartzite, European porcelain & glass tiles thru-out, top-of-the-line "Fabrica" carpeting. Bedrooms suites w/ balcony. Cinema-quality media center. Oversized attached 4-car garage, 1200+sq/ft bonus storage space. Whole-home sound speakers & security system, 2 wet bars, 2 laundry rooms. Too many features to list! Mini-park rear yard w/ great views.
Website designed by Constellation1, a division of Constellation Web Solutions, Inc.